ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
The ethical principles and publication policy of our journal have been prepared in accordance with the guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).
Actions Contrary to Scientific Research and Publication Ethics
• Plagiarism: Presenting the original ideas, methods, data or works of others as one's own, in whole or in part, without proper scientific attribution.
• Fabrication: Using data that does not actually exist or has been falsified in scientific research.
• Distortion: Altering research records or obtained data, presenting equipment or materials not used in the research as if they had been used, altering or shaping research results in line with the interests of the individuals and organisations providing support,
• Duplicate publication: Presenting duplicate publications as separate publications for academic appointment and promotion,
• Salami slicing: Dividing the results of a research study into parts in an inappropriate manner that compromises the integrity of the research and publishing them as multiple publications, presenting these publications as separate publications for academic appointments and promotions,
• Unfair authorship: Including individuals who have not made an active contribution among the authors or excluding those who have, changing the author order in an unjustified and inappropriate manner, removing the names of those who have made an active contribution from subsequent editions, or including one's name among the authors by using one's influence despite not having made an active contribution,
Other types of ethical violations include:
a) Failing to acknowledge the individuals, institutions, or organisations that provided support for research resulting in publications,
b) Using theses or studies that have not yet been submitted or defended as sources without the owner's permission,
c) Sharing information contained in a work assigned for review with others prior to publication without the express permission of the author,
ç) Using resources, premises, facilities, and equipment provided or allocated for scientific research for purposes other than those intended,
d) Making unfounded, inappropriate, and deliberate allegations of ethical violations,
e) Publishing data obtained without the explicit consent of participants in surveys and attitude studies conducted as part of scientific work, or without the permission of the institution if the research is to be conducted at an institution,
f) Failing to use data and information obtained from other persons and institutions in scientific studies to the extent and in the manner permitted, failing to respect the confidentiality of this information and failing to ensure its protection,
g) Making false or misleading statements regarding scientific research and publications in academic appointments and promotions,
Ethics Committee Approval
Our journal requires that all studies in scientific fields requiring ethics committee approval have obtained the relevant ethics committee decision. In this context, information regarding ethical committee approval (committee name, date, and decision number) must be clearly stated in the article text.
In line with the regulations implemented by Ulakbim TR Index since 2020, studies without ethical committee approval are not considered for publication in our journal.
Research Requiring Ethics Committee Approval
In our journal, research requiring ethics committee approval includes the following studies:
• All research conducted using qualitative or quantitative approaches involving data collection from participants through methods such as surveys, interviews, focus group studies, observation, and interview techniques.
• Retrospective studies within the framework of the Personal Data Protection Law.
For such studies to be considered for evaluation, the relevant ethics committee approvals must have been obtained and these approvals must be clearly stated in the article text.
Detecting Plagiarism
Articles submitted to our journal for publication are screened using Turnitin and iThenticate software to confirm that they have not been previously published and do not contain plagiarism. If plagiarism is detected in an article submitted to or published by our journal, our journal acts in accordance with COPE guidelines (Plagiarism in a submitted manuscript - Plagiarism in a published article).
Use of Artificial Intelligence
The use of artificial intelligence in studies submitted to our journal is acceptable in processes that do not affect the originality of the article, such as literature review or language control. However, the use of artificial intelligence must be carried out within the framework of ethical rules and must not be used for unethical purposes such as fabricating data or manipulation.
For studies involving the use of artificial intelligence, it is mandatory to inform our journal of this situation during the article submission stage. All responsibility regarding the use of artificial intelligence lies with the authors themselves.
Privacy Statement
All personal data submitted to our journal is protected. Data belonging to authors, referees, and other individuals is not shared with third parties or institutions.
Relationships with the Journal Owner and Publisher
The relationship between the editor and the publisher is based on the principle of editorial independence. Pursuant to the written agreement between the editor and the publisher, all decisions made by the editor are independent of the publisher and journal owner.
Corrections, Retractions, Expressions of Concern
Editors may consider publishing a correction if minor errors are found in a published article that do not affect the findings, interpretations, or conclusions. Editors should consider retracting an article when major errors/violations invalidate the findings and conclusions. The COPE guidelines are considered regarding corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern.
Protection of Intellectual Property Rights
Our journal is responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all published articles and defending the rights of the journal and author(s) in the event of possible infringements.
Complaints and Appeals to Our Journal
You may email your complaints and appeals regarding content, procedures, or policies under the responsibility of our journal or its editorial board members to editor@enazariyat.org. Complaints and appeals submitted to our journal are carefully reviewed and evaluated in accordance with COPE principles.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS
Responsibilities of Authors
• Prepare the article to be original, accurate, and in accordance with scientific ethical principles.
• Submit work that has not been previously published or under consideration elsewhere.
• Clearly indicate author contributions.
• Cite sources used accurately and completely.
• To declare any conflict of interest in the study.
• To remove identity information from the text and supplementary files to comply with the double-blind peer review principle.
• To make any revisions requested by the editor or reviewers in a timely manner, if necessary.
Reviewers' Responsibilities
• To accept the invitation to review if it is appropriate to their area of expertise and time.
• Evaluate the work impartially, confidentially, and with constructive and developmental criticism.
• Provide opinions on the originality, scientific contribution, methodological appropriateness, language, and writing rules of the work.
• Not use the work for personal gain or share it with third parties.
• Adhere to the evaluation period.
• Inform the editor of any conflict of interest regarding the work and withdraw from the review process.
Responsibilities of Editors
• Manage publication policies transparently and in accordance with ethical and scientific standards.
• Pre-screen articles and assign them to suitable reviewers.
• Keep the identities of reviewers and authors confidential.
• Conduct the review process impartially and avoid conflicts of interest.
• Make decisions based on scientific merit, taking referee reports into consideration.
• Manage communication between authors and referees.
• Initiate the necessary correction/retraction process if plagiarism, ethical violations or errors are detected in published articles.
Responsibilities of Publishers
• Conduct the publication process in accordance with international ethical standards.
• Provide clear, transparent and up-to-date information on the journal's website.
• Provide the necessary software and infrastructure to ensure the impartiality and confidentiality of the peer review process.
• Provide tools that support academic integrity, such as plagiarism detection software.
• Develop policies that protect the rights of authors, reviewers and editors.
PUBLICATION POLICIES
A- Article Evaluation Process
The article evaluation process in our journal consists of four main stages: preliminary review, peer review, revision, and publication.
Initial Review
Submitted works are first evaluated by the editor for compliance with the journal's publication policies, academic writing principles, and the Chicago Citation System. At this stage, plagiarism and similarity checks are performed using Turnitin and iThenticate software.
Peer Review Process
For submissions that meet the preliminary review criteria, a double-blind peer review process is initiated. The article is sent to two independent reviewers who are experts in the field. Throughout the review process, the identities of both the author and the reviewers are kept confidential; the process is conducted in accordance with ethical principles and confidentiality standards.
If both reviewers submit positive reports, the submission is accepted for publication.
If one of the referees gives a negative opinion, the article is referred to a third referee for a final decision.
Revision Process
If revisions are requested by the referees, authors should mark the suggested corrections in a different colour (e.g. red) in the manuscript. The changes made are first reviewed by the editor and then re-examined by the relevant referees.
Studies that have completed the referee process are also reviewed by the journal's language editors.
Where deemed necessary in terms of language and writing, authors are asked to make additional corrections. The linguistic revisions made are checked again and approved.
Publication Process
Articles that have completed all scientific, technical, and linguistic processes are prepared for publication after typesetting and layout.
B- Archiving, Open Access and Copyright Policy
Works published in our journal are digitally archived on our journal website. Our journal also allows authors to archive versions of their work on their own websites, institutional websites and other repositories. As our journal is open access, there is no embargo period.
The copyright of articles published in the journal belongs to the authors, while the commercial use rights belong to our journal. All articles published in our journal as open access are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Licence Scope
Share: You may copy and redistribute the work in any medium or format.
As long as you comply with the licence terms, the licence holder cannot revoke these freedoms (the specified rights).
Under the following conditions:
Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but this does not imply that the licensor endorses you or your use.
Non-Commercial: You may not use this material for commercial purposes.
No Derivatives: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions: You may not use laws or technology to restrict the rights granted by the licence to others.
C - Special Issue Publication Policy
A special issue may be published once a year at the request of the Editorial Board. Articles submitted for inclusion in the special issue are first subject to an editorial pre-review. They are then reviewed for compliance with the journal's writing rules and similarity scanning is performed to prevent plagiarism. After these stages, they undergo a peer review process using a double-blind model.
D- Fee Policy
There are no fees for publishing articles in the journal or for the article submission process. No processing fees or submission fees are charged under any name for articles submitted to the journal or accepted for publication.
E- Advertising and Sponsorship Policy
Our journal does not accept advertising or sponsorship. All expenses of our journal are covered by the Publisher.